Lecture notes week 2

New communication lecture notes week 2
The twentieth century->explosion of broadcast media forms->newspapers, cinema, radio, and television.

A number disciplines emerged. Like journalism, Public Relations, advertising, marketing and design->last decade-> New media studies, cyber studies, internet studies, cyberculture studies and web studies

1900 Semiotics - Ferdinand de Saussure
Structuralist
Signs are signifier and signified
Denotation - Connotation
Semantics
Syntactics
Pragmatics

Communication Studies (USA)
1920s - Bullet (Inoculation) Theory = Maximum effects
1930 - Application of Statistical Method
1940 - Minimum Effects
1950s - Looking for effects - connections to psychology
* Advertising* Kids* Violence* Politics
1960s - Marshall McLuhan
Understanding Media, first published in 1964, focuses
1970s - Mixed Effects
George Gerbner and Larry Grosss
Maxwell McCombs and Donald
Elisabeth Noelle-
1980s - Return of Maximum effects
Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky have

Media Studies (UK)
Raymond Williams
Stanley Cohen; Moral Panics
Glasgow School
Stuart Hall, Birmingham School
Active Audiences

Culture Studies (Europe)
1930s Walter Benjamin
1940sFrankfurt School
1950s Situationists – Society of the Spectacle
1960s Habermas
1970s Louis Althusser
1980s Baudrillard – Simulacra
1990s Fraser - Subaltern counterpublics

New Wave and the Future of Theory
Last century communication theory can not be resolved by one side winning-> accommodation(powersharing)

French new wave cinema-> Twelve Monkeys, Alphaville.